Financing and economic analysis of water facilities and infrastructure
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Siamarie Lyaro
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30 June 2026
17
15
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Volume 3 Issue 1
Page 1 - 24
FACTORS INFLUENCING ACCESS TO SAFE DRINKING WATER BETWEEN LOW-INCOME AND NON-LOW-INCOME HOUSEHOLDS IN MAINLAND TANZANIA
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.56542/wi.jwempo.v3.i1.a2.2026
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Keywords:
Access to safe drinking water, Household income categories, Blinder-Oaxaca Decomposition
Abstract
The study aimed at determining factors which influenced access to safe drinking water between low-income and non-low-income households in mainland Tanzania. The study applied Multidimensional Poverty Index, GIS spatial analysis, binary logistic regression and Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition for analysis. Results from MPI showed that households in sixteen regions were categorized as low-income group, unlike other in the remaining ten regions. Furthermore, results from GIS spatial analysis revealed that households in the low-income group lacked access to safe drinking water compared to those in the non-low-income group. Also, results from binary logistic regression showed that access to safe drinking water was influenced significantly by income status being low-income, point of water collection being bottled water or other sources, household size, education level being secondary, lack of access to electricity, residence of household being urban, household water treatment method being chlorination, and age of household head. Also, results from Blinder-Oaxaca decomposition showed that the accessibility gap for safe drinking water between low-income and non-low-income households was 0.089 units, whereby 0.047 units were significantly due to socio-economic characteristics, and 0.033 units were significantly due to coefficients. The study recommends the need for the government to improve both rural electrification and safe water infrastructure to offer affordable water services towards achieving Sustainable Development Goal 6 (SDG 6).
